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In medieval alchemy  sometimes sappeared as a time sign for day. The ideogram means conjunction in astronomy and astrology, i.e. two celestial bodies lie on the same longitude as seen from the earth. Compare with  for opposition.
With the circle filled,  , it can be used as an astronomical sign for an eclipse of the sun, which makes sense when one realizes that such an eclipse is a conjunction of the sun and the moon, that is the new moon, which is symbolized by  in almanacs.
When drawn with a very small, filled circle (i.e. a point),  , it has been used as a meteorological sign to indicate coating of ice or ice needles.
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